An Interview with a woman;On March 15, 2011, a masked woman with her pet dog trembled in fatigue in front of the Civil Gymnasium of Yonezawa, Yamakata Prefecure. She said she came from Namiecho, a small port town near Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant where a reactor exploded in March 12th. She called herself as Fujio, using her husband's name instead of hers. She showed tears in her eyes when asked about her family, saying she didn't know what happen to her husband since he went out to work.
"Surprised at the earthquake and the notice of tsunami's coming, I was in a hurry with my two sons to the nearby hill top. I was in a daze seeing tsunami demolish all the houses away. I have spent five days in car. Trying to locate my husband in vain. I was told then to leave hometown because of an accident of Nuclear Plant. Earthquake, tsunami and nuclear plant... what will come next? I am so afraid of this world".
She said "the explosion in nuclear plant is more scary than tsunami which swept my husband away". "I have two sons, one of 30 years old and the other 26. I don't mind what happen to me but come to think of I may lose my two sons, trial to find out my husband is, I think, luxurious for me in this time of disaster. Even neighbors who have left here to search for their missing families began to move out. We recommend each other to evacuate at the earliest possible if not we all die. I want to go further and further away from my home but end up stopping here out of gas".
It is about 90 Km from Namiecho, her hometown to a shelter in Yonejawa. Residents around Fukushima Nuclear Plant stated moving out on account of fear of radiation exposure either to western region or east bound direction to Ishikawa and Niikada. "All the roads are jammed with the vehicles of evacuation. It take 4 hours to get here. I am not sure whether it is safe here or not". I translated the above article written in Korean into English.
An Interview with a woman;
On March 15, 2011, a masked woman with her pet dog trembled in fatigue in front of the Civil Gymnasium of Yonezawa, Yamakata Prefecure. She said she came from Namiecho, a small port town near Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant where a reactor exploded in March 12th. She called herself as Fujio, using her husband's name instead of hers. She showed tears in her eyes when asked about her family, saying she didn't know what happen to her husband since he went out to work.
"Surprised at the earthquake and the notice of tsunami's coming, I was in a hurry with my two sons to the nearby hill top. I was in a daze seeing tsunami demolish all the houses away. I have spent five days in car. Trying to locate my husband in vain. I was told then to leave hometown because of an accident of Nuclear Plant. Earthquake, tsunami and nuclear plant... what will come next? I am so afraid of this world".
She said "the explosion in nuclear plant is more scary than tsunami which swept my husband away". "I have two sons, one of 30 years old and the other 26. I don't mind what happen to me but come to think of I may lose my two sons, trial to find out my husband is, I think, luxurious for me in this time of disaster. Even neighbors who have left here to search for their missing families began to move out. We recommend each other to evacuate at the earliest possible if not we all die. I want to go further and further away from my home but end up stopping here out of gas".
It is about 90 Km from Namiecho, her hometown to a shelter in Yonejawa. Residents around Fukushima Nuclear Plant stated moving out on account of fear of radiation exposure either to western region or east bound direction to Ishikawa and Niikada. "All the roads are jammed with the vehicles of evacuation. It take 4 hours to get here. I am not sure whether it is safe here or not".
I translated the above article written in Korean into English.
기록적인 성금행렬
일본 지진 이재민에 대한 우리 국민들의 온정의 손길이 이어지고 있다. 조선일보와 함께 '일본을 도웁시다'에 나선 7개 단체·기관이 모금을 시작한 지 이틀째인 15일 하루 동안 4만1260명이 6억9813원의 정성을 보탰다. 지금까지 5만3941명이 모두 20억3727만원의 성금을 기탁했다
3·11 일본대지진 5일째인 15일 후쿠시마(福島) 제1원전 1~4호기 모두에서 냉각수 주입작업이 한계에 부딪혀 최악의 상황으로 치닫고 있다는 우려가 한층 깊어지고 있다.
프랑스 원자력안전위원회는 이날 "후쿠시마 원전 사고가 국제원자력기구(IAEA)의 원자력 사고 등급(0~7등급)기준으로 최소 5등급이라고 판단하고 있으며, 6등급이 될 수도 있다"고 전망했다. 일본 원자력연구개발기구가 13일 발표한 '4단계'보다 1~2단계 올라간 수치다.
TOKYO — Workers were ordered to withdraw briefly from a stricken Japanese nuclear power plant on Wednesday after radiation levels surged, a development that suggested the crisis was spiraling out of control.Just hours earlier another fire broke out at the earthquake-crippled facility, which has sent low levels of radiation wafting into Tokyo in the past 24 hours, triggering fear in the capital and international alarm.
Tiny amounts of radiation also were detected in the water supply in the area around the nuclear plant, NBC News reported, citing Fuji TV. It said the levels were slightly above the daily average but still within the healthy range.French Industry Minister Eric Besson said the situation at the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant appeared to be getting out of control.
Workers were ordered to withdraw briefly from a stricken Japanese nuclear power plant on Wednesday after radiation levels surged, a development that suggested the crisis was spiraling out of control.
Just hours earlier another fire broke out at the earthquake-crippled facility, which has sent low levels of radiation wafting into Tokyo in the past 24 hours, triggering fear in the capital and international alarm.Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano said the workers had no choice but to pull back from the most dangerous areas.
"The workers cannot carry out even minimal work at the plant now," Edano said, as smoke billowed above the crippled Dai-ichi nuclear complex. "Because of the radiation risk we are on standby."
The 50 workers were later allowed to return, but one expert said they were not enough to deal with the crisis.
Arnie Gundersen, a 39-year veteran of the nuclear industry, now chief engineer at Fairwinds Associates Inc. and who worked on reactor designs similar to the Dai-ichi plant, said 50 or so people could not look after six nuclear plants
Japanese military twin-rotor cargo helicopter seen mid-air on a mission to dump water onto a reactor at the stricken Fukushima nuclear power plant on Wednesday, March 16. Japanese broadcaster NHK reported the operation was aborted after deciding it was not safe.
Japanese military twin-rotor cargo helicopter seen mid-air on a mission to dump water onto a reactor at the stricken Fukushima nuclear power plant on Wednesday, March 16. Japanese broadcaster NHK reported the operation was aborted after deciding it was not safe.
Damage after an earthquake and tsunami at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant, 150 miles north of Tokyo, is seen in this satellite image taken 9:35 am local time on March 16.
A picture released from Tokyo Electric Power Co (TEPCO) on March 16 shows the damaged third (left) and fourth reactors of the TEPCO Fukushima No.1 power plant.
Medical staff use a geiger counter to screen a woman for possible radiation exposure at a public welfare centre in Hitachi City, Ibaraki on March 16, after she evacuated from an area within 20km (12.4 miles) radius of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant. The woman was tested negative for radiation exposure.
Japan's Emperor Akihito addressing the nation on television on March 16. The Emperor said he was praying for the people's safety following last week's deadly earthquake and tsunami, and expressed his deep concern about the escalating nuclear crisis. In a rare television address to the nation, the 77-year-old monarch - who is held in deep respect by many Japanese - admitted the country still did not know how many people had died in the March 11 twin disasters.
A family wearing face masks prepares to leave Tokyo on the Shinkansen bullet train at Tokyo station on March 16. Nuclear radiation fears and the threat of another earthquake have prompted many mothers with young children to leave Tokyo by any means possible. Despite Japan's reassurance of radiation levels being below hazardous, several airlines have stopped flights into Tokyo and a number of companies are evacuating foreign nationals.
Radiation Concerns in Japan
Witnessing Horrible Moments of Tsunami
Amid Ruin, Search for Survivors Continue in Ofutano
Debris about 10 Feet Thick
A town clock lies stopped at 03:00 p.m. in the tsunami-devastated city of Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan on Tuesday.The strong magnitude 9.0 earthquake hit at 2:46 p.m. on March 11, and the first wave of tsunamis reached the city at 3:01 p.m.
A couple walks under falling snow amongst the rubble in Yamada, Iwate prefecture
The Japanese town of Ishinomake is flooded and the city's downtown are remains deserted.
Crews in the coastal town of Minami-Sanriku search for victims.
An elderly woman covers her face in reaction to learning her house was swept away by the tsunami.
Japanese Medical personnel check a child for radiation exposure.
Hundres of people is line up to wait for food at a supermarket.
Tsunami survivors cook and eat in front of their damaged home.
Los Angeles Fire Department rescue members search through destroyed houses for survivors.
Members of the Chinese International Search and Rescue Team search for victims inside a ruined house in Ofutano.
Rescue workers are searching for missing people in Minamisanriku.
A boat sits in the street of the town of Hishonomake after being washed onshore by the tsunami
A rescuer searches for survivors in the devastated Sendai.
Residents eat emergency rations in front of a heater.
People walked through the destroyed port town of Minamisanriku, in northeastern Japan, where a senior police official estimated that the number of dead would "certainly be more than 10,000." The town's population is just 17,000.
In Kesennuma, north of Sendai, huge fishing trawlers were brought to land by the force of the tsunami.
Endless blocks of rubble in Japan
Quake, Tsunami Devastate parts of Japan
Concerns Grows over Japan's Hardships
The tsunami devasted Kesennuma, and desperate survivors continued to search for signs of missing friends and relatives.
Soldiers and a rescue worker carried the body of a resident through Kesennuma on Tuesday.
Survivors searched for names of missing people on a list of registered evacuees at temporary shelter at Kesennuma city hall.
A child in Kesennuma on Tuesday.
Japanese soldiers searched damaged areas of Ofunato for trapped survivors on Tuesday.
Vehicles passed through the ruins of the leveled city of Minamisanriku.
Members of the Japan Self Defense Force walk in a deployment line as they search tsunami damaged parts of Ofunato on Tuesday.
Firefighters fight a blaze in Kesennuma City on Tuesday.
A member of a British search and rescue team searches for trapped survivors in the cab of a truck bowled over by the tsunami in Ofunato, on Tuesday. Two search and rescue teams from the U.S. and a team from the U.K. with combined numbers of around 220 personnel, searched for trapped survivors.
Japanese relief workers rescue a man who survived being buried for four days in the tsunami devastated remains in Ishimaki town, Iwate prefecture, on Tuesday. Another woman was also pulled from the rubble and was being treated for hypothermia.
A truck dangles from a collapsed bridge in Ishinomaki, on Tuesday.
Rescue workers search for missing people at Minamisanriku town in Miyagi prefecture on Tuesday.
A U.S. rescue team sniffer dog from Virginia searches the wreckage of a house during rescue operations in the city of Ofunato, Iwate prefecture
Bodies found in the ruins of the devastated residential area of Otsuchi are collected in a sports hall, Tuesday. In the fishing town of Otsuchi, 12,000 out of a population of 15,000 have disappeared.
A fireman looks through pictures found in ruins of the devastated residential area of Otsuchi. Tuesday.
Vehicles driving south out of Fukushima prefecture, where a troubled nuclear power plant is located, create a traffic jam in Kitaibaraki, north of Tokyo on Tuesday. Conditions at the crippled nuclear power plant deteriorated further Tuesday, with a Japanese nuclear safety official saying that the water inside the waste fuel storage pool for a damaged reactor may be boiling.
도쿄전력 발표
일본 후쿠시마 제1원전 4호기의 '사용후핵연료(폐연료봉)'가 대기 중에 완전히 노출될 가능성이 커졌다. 사용후핵연료에서 나오는 다량의 방사성 물질이 그대로 대기 중에 방출될 위기에 처한 것이다. 여기에 핵분열 연쇄반응이 일어나면 방사성 물질이 급격히 증가할 것으로 보인다.
16일 오후 3시 일본 정부는 4호기의 사용후핵연료에서 "핵분열 연쇄반응이 일어날 가능성이 0(zero)이 아니다"며 "이를 막기 위해 붕산을 투입할지를 검토하고 있다"고 밝혔다. 붕산은 원자로의 연료로 사용된 우라늄235(원자와 중성자의 합이 235개인 우라늄)가 내놓는 중성자를 흡수해 연쇄 반응을 완화하는 역할을 한다.
4호기의 사용후핵연료는 핵연료봉처럼 기다란 봉에 담긴 채 냉각수를 채운 수조에 담겨있다. 수조는 콘크리트 건물 안에 보관돼있다. 사용후핵연료의 방사성 물질이 대기로 노출되는 것을 막기 위해 봉, 냉각수, 콘크리트 건물의 3중 안전장치를 마련한 것이다.
하지만 15일 수소 폭발로 추정되는 불길이 목격되면서 사용후핵연료를 보관하고 있던 콘크리트 건물이 날아갔다. 폭발 이전에 사용후핵연료를 감싸고 있던 봉도 상당 부분 녹은 것으로 보인다. 폭발의 원료인 수소는 봉의 재료인 지르코늄이 녹으면서 생성되기 때문이다.
사용후핵연료는 원자로에 연료로 들어갔던 우라늄235가 사용되고 남은 물질이다. 연탄보일러로 치면 사용후핵연료는 연탄재에 해당한다. 연탄재는 연료로 재생할 수 있는 성분이 거의 없는 데 반해, 사용후핵연료는 여전히 90% 이상의 우라늄235가 남아 있다.
사용후핵연료의 남아있는 우라늄235에선 방사성 물질이 방출된다. 그대로 두면 방사성 물질이 봉을 녹이기 때문에 원자로의 핵연료처럼 사용후핵연료를 안전하게 보관하려면 냉각수가 필요하다.
하지만 후쿠시마 제1 원전의 다른 원자로처럼 지진으로 냉각 장치가 고장 나 사용후핵연료의 방사성 물질이 봉의 온도를 높여 결국 봉이 녹은 것으로 보인다.
여기에 4호기의 사용후핵연료와 대기를 차단하는 마지막 안전장치인 냉각수의 수위가 점차 내려가면서 사용후핵연료의 방사성 물질이 그대로 대기 중에 노출될 위기에 처한 것이다.
붕산을 투입하면 사용후핵연료가 생성하는 방사성 물질의 양을 줄인다. 우라늄235는 붕괴하면서 중성자를 내놓는다. 중성자가 안정적인 다른 우라늄235와 부딪히면 해당 우라늄이 붕괴하면서 중성자를 다시 내놓고 이런 과정이 연쇄적으로 일어나면서 우라늄 붕괴가 급속도로 진행된다. 동시다발로 우라늄 붕괴가 일어나는 핵분열 연쇄 반응이 일어나면 방사성 물질의 생성도 증가한다.
Japan Self-Defense Force officers prepare for a clean-up at a radiation affected area in Nihonmatsu, Fukushima prefecture in northern Japan, Tuesday. Panic swept Tokyo after a rise in radioactive levels around a nuclear power plant north of the city, causing some to leave the capital or stock up on food and supplies.
Train cars swept by a tsunami wave are seen from an aerial view after an earthquake and tsunami struck Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture in Northern Japan.
Survivors of an 8.9-magnitude earthquake and tsunami receive treatment at the Ishinomaki Red Cross hospital in Miyagi prefecture.
People walk along a flooded street in Ishimaki City, Miyagi Prefecture in Northern Japan
Firefighters arrive to rescue people from a hospital in Minamisanriku City.
These two handout satellite photographs provided by the Center for Satellite Based Crisis Information of the German Aeropsace Center show the Matsushima Airport and surrounding area before (L) and after the devastating earthquake and tsunami on March 12, 2011 at Higashi-Matsushima, Japan.
This satellite photograph provided by the Center for Satellite Based Crisis Information of the German Aeropsace Center shows flooded Sendai Airport after the devastating earthquake and tsunami on March 12, 2011 at Sendai, Japan.
In this handout image provided by U.S. Navy, A water pipe spews water after being damaged by a tsunami, which was triggered by a massive earthquake March 12, 2011 in Hachinohe, Japan.
In this handout image provided by U.S. Navy, Sailors aboard the U.S. 7th Fleet command ship USS Blue Ridge stand-by to move pallets of humanitarian relief supplies across the ship's flight deck Saturday, March 12, 2011.
An aerial view shows the quake-damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant in the Japanese town of Futaba, Fukushima prefecture on March 12, 2011. Japan scrambled to prevent nuclear accidents at two atomic plants where reactor cooling systems failed after a massive earthquake, as it evacuated tens of thousands of residents. Tokyo Electric Power, which runs the plants, said it had released some radioactive vapour into the atmosphere at one plant to relieve building reactor pressure, but said the move posed no health risks.
Smoke billows from fire-gutted vessels in waters off Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture. Japan confronted devastation along its northeastern coast on Saturday, with fires raging and parts of some cities under water after a massive earthquake and tsunami that likely killed at least 1,000 people.
Cars waiting for export burn after strong earthquake on March 12, 2011 in Tokai, Ibaraki.
Evacuated people at a school forms SOS sign with chairs on March 12, 2011 in Sendai, Miyagi,
In this aerial image, a bridge of the JR Kesennuma Line is washed away by tsunami after an 8.9 strong earthquake on March 12, 2011 in Motoyoshi, Miyagi, Japan
Passengers sleep at a lobby as they wait for their transportation at Haneda Airport in Tokyo.
Vehicles sit on three-story buildings on illustrating the devastating effects of tsunami that hit the town of Onagawa in Miyagi prefecture.
This aerial view taken during an AFP-chartered flight shows a ship washed ashore near Sendai
An area destroyed by the tsunami in Sendai in Miyagi prefecture
A boat washed ashore crushing a home near Sendai in Miyagi prefecture three days after quake.
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