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2011년 4월 14일 목요일

일본 원전 사고 7등급으로 격상, 사진과 동영상: Japan's Nuke Crisis on Same Level of Chernobyl, Photo and Video

일본의 후쿠시마 원전 사고가 소련 체르노빌 사고와 같은 위험 단계 7로 상향조정 되었다. 지진과 추나미가 발생한지 꼭 한 달이 지난 4월 12일 발표를 하였다.

일본 정부는 사고 직후인 지난달 12일 후쿠시마 제1원전 1호기에 한정해 “외부에 대한 커다란 위험이 없다”며 4등급으로 평가했다가 같은 달 18일 1∼3호기를 5등급으로 재평가했고, 이어 한 달만인 12일에는 마침내 후쿠시마 제1원전 전체를 7등급으로 격상했다. 

하지만 일본 정부 스스로 인정하듯 방사성 물질이 가장 많이 방출된 것은 사고 발생 직후였고, 지금은 방출량이 시간당 1만T㏃(테라베크렐 = 1조베크렐) 아래로 떨어졌다고 한다. 

이번 등급 격상은 사태 자체가 악화했다는 뜻이라기보다는 일본 정부가 초기에 사고를 축소 평가했다는 점을 반증하는 셈이다.

이는 원전 등급 평가가 후쿠시마 원전 주변의 주민 피난 범위나 사후 보상 등 제반 대책과 폭넓게 관련되기 때문으로 보인다. 즉 일본 정부의 사태 평가는 정부의 책임 문제로 직결된다는 의미다. 달리 보면 일본 정부의 초기 사태 인식이 그만큼 냉정하지 못했다는 뜻이기도 하다.

일본 원자력발전의 규제 당국인 경제산업성 산하 원자력안전.보안원은 12일에도 “(7등급 격상은) 방사성 물질의 방출량을 평가한 결과에 지나지 않고, 피난 행동에 변경을 줄 만한 것은 아니다”라며 “원자로 자체가 폭발해 수십 명이 숨진 (체르노빌) 사고와는 전혀 다르다. 방사성 물질의 방출량도 10% 정도다”라고 강조했다. 

하지만 이는 체르노빌 사태는 이미 끝났지만, 후쿠시마 사태는 현재 진행 중인 만큼 최종적으로 방사성 물질의 총방출량이 얼마나 될지는 알 수 없다는 점을 간과한 것이다. 과도한 불안감을 조성하지 않으려는 의도는 이해할 수 있지만, 사태의 흐름을 냉정하게 평가하는 자세는 여전히 부족한 셈이다. 

이와 관련 미국 뉴욕타임스 인터넷판은 “가장 놀라운 점은 방사성 물질이 이만큼 대량으로 방출됐다고 공식 인정하기까지 1개월이나 걸렸다는 점”이라는 미국 원자력전문가의 지적을 실었다. 일본 전문가 중에서도 요시오카 히토시(吉岡齊) 규슈대 교수는 “등급 격상은 너무 늦어 시기를 놓쳤다”며 “사태를 과소평가 탓에 대응이 지연됐을 개연성도 있다”고 지적했다고 마이니치신문은 전했다.
Japan Nuclear Crisis on the Same Level of Chernobyl
Japan raised the severity level of the crisis at its crippled nuclear plant Tuesday to rank it on par with the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, citing cumulative radiation leaks that have contaminated the air, tap water, vegetables and seawater.

Japanese nuclear regulators said the rating was being raised from 5 to 7 — the highest level on an international scale overseen by the International Atomic Energy Agency — after new assessments of radiation leaks from the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant since it was disabled by the March 11 tsunami.
The new ranking signifies a "major accident" that includes widespread effects on the environment and health, according to the Vienna-based IAEA.
"Our preparations for how to measure (the radiation leakage) when such a tsunami and earthquake occurred were insufficient and, as a result, we were late in disseminating information internationally," said a senior official in Prime Minister Naoto Kan's office.
Hidehiko Nishiyama, a deputy director-general of the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA), said the decision to raise the severity of the incident from level 5 to 7 — the same as the Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine in 1986 — was based on cumulative quantities of radiation released.
"Even before this, we had considered this a very serious incident so, in that sense, there will be no big change in the way we deal with it just because it has been designated level 7," an agency official said.
Continued aftershocks following the 9.0-magnitude megaquake on March 11 have impeded work in stabilizing the Fukushima plant — the latest a 6.3-magnitude one Tuesday that prompted plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Co., or TEPCO, to temporarily pull back workers.
The aftershock caused a fire to break out at the plant, but engineers later extinguished the blaze.
However, the operator of the stricken facility appears to be no closer to restoring cooling systems at the reactors, critical to lowering the temperature of overheated nuclear fuel rods.
The official in Kan's office said that the prime minister would instruct plant operator Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO) to set target dates for when it would halt the radiation leakage as well as restore the cooling systems.
No radiation-linked deaths have been reported since the earthquake struck, and only 21 plant workers have been affected by minor radiation sickness, according to Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) personnel, wearing protective suits, search for victims at sea in an area that was devastated by the March 11 earthquake and tsunami in Rikuzentakata, Iwate prefecture on Thursday, April 14.
Residents take an outdoor bath amongst tsunami devastation in Kesennuma city, April 14.
Men pass by under a car that was washed on to a factory's roof in Ofunato, on April 14.
A Buddhist monk prays for tsunami victims buried due to the lack of crematoriums in the town of Onagawa in Miyagi prefecture on April 13. Japanese usually cremate their dead, but the normal system has been unable to cope with the impact of the March 11 earthquake and tsunami that killed thousands along the northeastern coast of the country.
Relatives mourn as they find their personal belongs at a collection center in Natori, Miyagi Prefecture on April 13.
Inside Report from Fukushima Nuke Power Reactor Evacuation Zone: approach to 1.5Km from Power Plant
Japan Nuclear Crisis Same Level of Chernobyl
Japan Government Expands Evacuation Zone
6.6 Magnitude Aftershock Rocks Japan
The sun sets over debris piled up in the city of Ishinomaki in Miyagi prefecture on April 13, nearly five weeks after the earthquake and tsunami disaster. The impact of Japan's earthquake and nuclear crisis rippled through the economy when the government downgraded its outlook and Toyota announced more temporary plant shutdowns overseas.
A mother lays flowers at the place where her son was found dead, outside Okawa Elementary School, in Ishinomaki, Miyagi prefecture, on April 13. Authorities said about 71 of the 108 schoolchildren and teachers were killed or are still missing. A memorial service was held at the location of the heavily damaged school for the families and teachers.
A Japan Airlines aircraft flies over the rubble near the Sendai airport, April 13. Commercial flights partially resumed Wednesday, just over a month after the tsunami engulfed the airport's runways.
Young boys play at a school gymnasium used as an evacuation center in the coastal town of Onagawa, Miyagi prefecture, April 13. Some 15,000 survivors are still living in the evacuation centers.
The cruise ship Fuji Maru is anchored at the tsunami-damaged port in Ofunato, Iwate prefecture on April 12. The luxury liner will make stops at three ports — Ofunato, Kamaishi, and Miyako — to provide free services such as meals, baths, and rest for victims of the earthquake and tsunami.
A volunteer at a center in Ofunato, Iwate prefecture, cleans a family photo on Tuesday, April 12. Baby and family pictures and school photographs that were washed away when tsunami waters swept in on March 11 are painstakingly being cleaned off and hung up to dry in the hope that someone will come to collect the cherished images.
Yachiyo Oikawa, a 83-year-old tsunami survivor, searches for belongings inside her sister's house in the tsunami-devastated city of Rikuzentakata, Iwate prefecture, northern Japan, on April 12.

Fire and smoke are seen at a building for sampling seawater near the No.4 reactor of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant on April 12. A fire broke out at Japan's crippled plant, operator Tokyo Electric and Power said on Tuesday, but it was quickly extinguished. The Japanese government's nuclear safety agency raised the crisis level of the power plant accident from 5 to 7, the worst on the international scale and on par with Chernobyl.

A man looks for his personal belongings at a collection center for items found in the rubble of an area devastated by earthquake and tsunami, in Natori, on Tuesday, April 12.

Elementary school children crouch under their desks at their school in Onagawa, Miyagi prefecture on April 12, as a powerful aftershock hits northern Japan.

Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano, right, eats a strawberry as comedian Shizu-chan, left, crams a tomato into her mouth at a sale of vegetables produced in the city of Iwaki in Fukushima prefecture on April 12 in Tokyo. The government is trying to support farmers in Fukushima hurting from dropped sales due to rumors of radiation spreading from the troubled nuclear power plant.

Police officers man a checkpoint in Minamisoma, Fukushima prefecture, about 12 miles from the damaged Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant, on Monday, April 11. The signs read, "No entry, Entry not allowed by the special nuclear disaster legislation," right, and "Security check in operation," left.

A cameraman films the warped tarmac of a road in Iwaki, Fukushima prefecture, on Monday, April 11. Earlier, a 6.6 magnitude aftershock shook the area

Children play games after taking part in a moment of silence at 2:46 p.m. on April 11, exactly one month after a massive earthquake struck the area in Kamaishi, Iwate prefecture.

A group of Shinto priests, left, and Buddhist monks, right, take part in memorial prayers at Yugihama Beach in Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture, on April 11.

A survivor in Kamaishi, Iwate prefecture, wipes away a tear after a moment of silence at 2:46 p.m. on April 11, exactly one month after the earthquake struck.

Soldiers pray for victims in the town of Otsuchi, Iwate Prefecture, on April 11.

Two-year-old Ayaka and family members pray for her missing grandmother and great grandmother at a vacant lot where they lived in Ishinomaki, Miyagi prefecture, on April 11.

Buddhist monks, Japan Self-Defense Force personnel, firefighters and other relief workers observe a moment of silence on April 11 on Hiyori Yama, or Weather Hill, in Natori, Local fishermen used to climb the man-made hump and decide whether it was safe to fish.

Japanese residents pray for victims at an elementary school in Ishinomaki, northeastern Japan, on Monday, April 11. Exactly one month ago, a massive earthquake and tsunami ravaged Japan's northeastern coastal region.

Tsunami survivor Tadao Kamei, left, and a friend draw the words "ganbaro!" or "hang in there" on a new billboard lit up with car headlights in Ishinomaki, on April 10. Prime Minister Naoto Kan promised he would "never abandon" survivors of Japan's tsunami as he tried to focus attention on the future, despite a high-stakes battle at a nuclear plant.

A person enters a shower booth at a makeshift shower facility set up by the US Army adjacent to an evacuation center in the tsunami-devastated coastal city of Higashimatsushima, Miyagi prefecture, northeastern Japan, April 10. Some tsunami-hit cities and towns in the region once again have lost the electricity and running water after a 7.1-magnitude aftershock on April 7. More than 150,000 survivors are still living in evacuation centers scattered around the region.

A policeman directs traffic by hand due to the lack of electricity in Ishinomaki, Miyagi prefecture on April 10.

Japan's Prime Minister Naoto Kan, left, shouts "Come on, Japan" along with Ishinomaki Mayor Hiroshi Kameyama, center, and others as he visits Ishinomaki, a port town devastated by last month's earthquake and tsunami in northeastern Japan, on April 10.


Click the link below to see Pictures of Life Magazine on Japan Disaster


Japan Disaster: Most Shocking Pics - Photo Gallery - LIFE


Japan Tsunami Speeding toward Shore


Aftershock in Japan Unnerve Traumatized Nation


Tsunami Ravaging the city of Kesennuma
Japan Nuke Crisis on Same Level as Chernobyl
Nuclear Crisis Creates Ghost Town
Inside the Fukushima Evacuation Zone



In this April 10 photo released by animal rescue group Sheltie Rescue on April 14, a dog sits inside a cage after being rescued by volunteers in Minami Soma, Fukushima prefecture in a zone that was off-limits to people because of radiation fears. The group rescued a pack of shelties after seeing an earlier photo of them roaming in the abandoned town, near Japan's tsunami-damaged nuclear plant

A volunteer from Sheltie Rescue tries to rescue a dog sitting among tsunami debris in Minami Soma on April 10, in a zone that was off-limits to people because of radiation fears. The group rescued a pack of shelties after seeing an Associated Press photo of them roaming in the abandoned town near Japan's tsunami-damaged nuclear plant.

Sheltie Rescue volunteers feed dogs before they rescue the stranded dogs in Minami Soma on April 10.

Anti-nuclear protesters march in the streets, April 10, in Tokyo.

The compound of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant is seen the moment before a tsunami hit (top) following the March 11 earthquake, and after (bottom), as water rushes into the compound . The pictures were released by Tokyo Electric Power Co. on April 10.




A lone vending machine stands intact in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Saturday, April 9.

In this photo taken on April 7, Japan Self-Defense Force personnel stand near some safes they retrieved from houses destroyed by the tsunami in Ishinomaki. Safes were washing up along the tsunami-battered coast, and police were trying to find their owners, a unique problem in the country where many people, especially the elderly, still stash their cash at home.

Volunteers remove mud and sort family photographs recovered by defense force soldiers from tsunami devastated areas, at a shelter in Kesennuma city on April 10.
Fukushima evacuation zone
An abandoned dog is seen about 6 kilometers away from the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant. 

A U.S.Navy aerial photo shows damage to the town of Wakuya. 
An evacuee walks outside temporary homes in Rikuzentakata, in northeastern Japan. Public and private groups worked together to build and furnish them in less than a month.
An evacuee walks outside temporary homes in Rikuzentakada. Public and private groups worked together to build and furnish them in less than a month.

An elderly Japanese man stands in front of debris in the tsunami-devastated town of Rikuzentakata in Iwate Prefecture, northeastern Japan, April 9.
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
Natori, Miyagi prefecture, April 11, 2011. Members of the Japan Self-Defense Force and firemen hold a moment of silence for the victims of the earthquake and the tsunami.


A man walks through Onagawa, Miyagi prefecture, on April 10, 2011.

Members of the Metropolitan Police Department search for victims of the tragedy in Rikuzentakata, Miyagi prefecture, on April 9, 2011.

A worker wears protective gear while he cleans in Minamisoma, Fukushima prefecture, 12 miles from the stricken nuclear power plant, on April 9, 2011.

A destroyed building in Otsuchi, Iwate prefecture, on April 9, 2011.
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
Royal Greeting: Emperor Akihito speaks with evacuees from Fukushima at a shelter in Kazo, Saitama prefecture, on April 8, 2011.
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
Ishinomaki, Miyagi prefecture, April 7, 2011:A man stands before Kadonowaki Elementary School, which was damaged by the earthquake and tsunami.
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
Wasteland: A man walks through a devastated part of Ishinomaki.
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
Minamisanriku, Miyagi prefecture, April 6, 2011:Men rest among debris from the disaster.
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
Hanging: A house that was washed away by the tsunami is tangled in power lines in Ishinomaki,
The Calamity of Japan's 9.0-Magnitude Quake
A crane lifts piles of debris at a collection point in the coastal town of Onagawa.


The Absolute Horrible Power of Tsunami Hitting Ofutano Harbor
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami 
Omnibus of Tsunami Attacking Many Cities
Horrible Moments of Tsunami Devastating City of Kesunnuma



Japanese women search for belongings Wednesday among recovered items brought to a school gym in Natori, Miyagi Prefecture

Salvaged items are gradually being cleaned and put on display by volunteers in the tsunami-hit town of Natori. Soldiers and residents have been bringing in photos, albums and other items found in the wreckage of homes, in the hope that their owners will recover them. Only a small fraction of the photos have been claimed so far. 

A woman searches for family belongings among a pile of recovered items.

A Japanese man cleans up his workshop in the town of Minamisanriku.

Shoppers look at vegetables for sale during a promotional event for produce from the city of Iwaki in Fukushima Prefecture. The government is looking to support farmers over fears that radiation will hit the food chain.

Rui Sato, 2, shows off his key chain while playing with a Japan Red Cross member at an evacuation center in Fukushima.

A relative visits a temporary grave one month after the earthquake and tsunami struck in Higashimatsushima, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. A tsunami warning was issued today after a magnitude-6.6 aftershock struck south of Fukushima.

Harumi Matsumoto, 24, studies for her driver's license at an evacuation center in Fukushima.

With a backdrop of carp streamers wishing children good health, participants join a charity concert to raise money for the victims of the earthquake and tsunami in Tokyo a month after the disaster struck northeastern Japan.

Japan Air Self-Defense Force personnel erect white flags to mark the place where they suspect bodies are buried in Higashimatsushima, Miyagi Prefecture. The Japanese and U.S. military launched another all-out search for the bodies of earthquake and tsunami victims along Japan's ravaged coast Sunday.

A Japanese worker walks throught the destroyed town of Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture.

Fishermen survey a burned tuna boat that sits anchored in Kesennuma. 

Workers hoist a fishing boat back into the water at a port in Wataricho, Miyagi Prefecture.

A Japanese policeman, in protective gear against radiation, searches for victims in Minami Soma, inside the deserted evacuation zone. 

Solar-charged lamps are collected for the evening at an evacuation center in Ishinomaki. With the confirmed death toll topping 10,000, the March 11 quake and tsunami has become Japan's deadliest natural disaster since the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake, which killed more than 142,000 people.

Traffic hits a earthquake- and tsumani-damaged road in Ishinomaki, Japan.
U.S. CBIRF holds a exercise in Japan
Member of Japan Ground Self-Defense Force's Central Readiness Force(L) and Member of U.S. Marines "CBIRF" (Chemical Biological Incident Response Force) attend a decontamination exercise at the Yokota Air Base in Tokyo, Japan, on April 9, 2011.
Fukushima Workers Battle to Control Reactors
A silt fence that surrounds a water intake at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant to prevent radioactive materials from spilling further into the sea.
Fukushima Workers Battle to Control Reactors
The first floor of the main building of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Japan Exclusion Zone
Abandoned City :A deserted thoroughfare in Minamisoma, about 12 miles from Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.
Japan Exclusion Zone
The empty hall of an evacuation center in Minamisoma on April 7, 2011
Japan Exclusion Zone
A deserted street in Minamisoma 
Japan Exclusion Zone
A restaurant kitchen in Odaka.
Japan Exclusion Zone
Inside a stable in Odaka on April 6, 2011
Japan Exclusion Zone
The body of a tsunami victim lies uncollected in Minamisoma on April 7, 2011.
Japan Exclusion Zone
Japanese police officers carry a tsunami victim in Minamisoma on April 7, 2011.
Japan Exclusion Zone
An Empty house in Odaka.
Life in Japan's Evacuation Centers <br />Evacuees struggle to create a sense of normalcy after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami and nuclear crisis
Earthquake victims gather around a makeshift dining hall for dinner
Life in Japan's Evacuation Centers <br />Evacuees struggle to create a sense of normalcy after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami and nuclear crisis
A boy celebrates his 3rd birthday in Kesennuma, Miyagi prefecture
Life in Japan's Evacuation Centers <br />Evacuees struggle to create a sense of normalcy after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami and nuclear crisis
a man mourns while reading the media coverage of the widespread destruction from the earthquake, tsunami and the nuclear crisis. As of April 6, 2011, the National Police Agency has announced that the death toll has risen to 12,468 people while another 15,091 are still missing.
Surviving the Earthquake Aftermath in Japan A humanitarian crisis unfolds as victims eke out an existence after the twin disasters decimated the northeastern coast
Ichiro Okazawa holds his four-year-old daughter Hiori in the ruins of their home, where they returned on March 20, 2011, to retrieve belongings in the destroyed residential part of Ofunato
Surviving the Earthquake Aftermath in Japan A humanitarian crisis unfolds as victims eke out an existence after the twin disasters decimated the northeastern coast
Senior Airman Jason Barbieri loads pallets of blankets onto a US Airforce C-130H Hercules at Yokota Airbase, as part of Japan's earthquake and tsunami relief effort
.4月13日(水)〉避難所前で、スクールバスに乗り込む川内小学校の児童たち=13日午前7時18分、福島県郡山市写真

〈4月13日(水)〉福島第一原力発2号機取水口近くからもれていた汚染水を止める止水板=12日午前9時50分ごろ、東京電力提供(2011年4月13日夕刊)写真

World biggest car equipped with Pump which has been carried by a big airplane. The length of arm is about 70m.     4月11日(月)〉大型機で空輸された世界最大級のポンプ車。アームの長さは約70メートルある=11日午前、成田空港

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Test result of the radioactive material in the air.                                            原発事故の市民生活への影響〉大気中の放射線量の測定結果(3/25~31、30日を基準として補正。福島大による)=2011年4月14日朝刊

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〈原発事故の市民生活への影響〉想定される新たな避難区域(政府が関係自治体に示した図と枝野官房長官の説明をもとに作成)=2011年4月12日朝刊 : Projected Evacuation Zone

写真

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