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2012년 6월 16일 토요일

내전 중의 시리아: Syria's Civil War

Syria's Civil War

Fifteen months after the start of the uprising in Syria, several experts and at least one top U.N. official are now characterizing the escalating conflict as a Civil War. A wide range of anti-government insurgencies continue to battle official and unofficial Syrian government troops across the country. President Bashar al-Assad's forces have reportedly carried out a series of horrific civilian massacres, involving attack helicopters, shelling, and brutal incursions into rebel neighborhoods. The Syrian government continues to block foreign journalists, but a number of photographs and reports have made their way out of the country.


Birds fly over a destroyed minaret of a mosque at the northern town of Ariha, on the outskirts of Idlib, Syria, on June 10, 2012. An estimated 14,000 people have been killed since the uprising began in March last year.

The Syrian flag flying next to destruction in the Bab Amro neighborhood of Homs, Syria, on May 2, 2012.(Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 

A Syrian man walks near part of a destroyed military tank with Arabic that reads, "freedom," at the northern town of Ariha, on the outskirts of Idlib, Syria, on June 10, 2012. (AP Photo) 

A view of the heavily destroyed Bab Amro neighborhood of Homs, on May 2, 2012. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 

People gather at a mass burial for the victims purportedly killed during an artillery barrage from Syrian forces in Houla in this handout image dated May 26, 2012. U.N. observers in Syria have confirmed that artillery and tank shells were fired at a residential area of Houla, Syria, where at least 108 people, including many children, were killed, the U.N. chief said on Sunday in a letter to the Security Council.(Reuters/Shaam News Network) 
Members of the Free Syrian Army's Mugaweer (commandos) Brigade pay their respects in a cemetery in the town of Qusayr, that contains around 100 bodies of Syrians killed during the conflict, on May 12, 2012. (AFP/Getty Images) 
A Syrian man shows his injured back in the city of Rastan, north of the central restive city of Homs, on April 27, 2012, claiming that he was tortured by regime forces. (AFP/GettyImages) 
Syrian army tanks, stationed at the entrance to Baba Amr neighborhood in Homs, on February 10, 2012. (AFP/Getty Images) 
This citizen journalism image released by Sham News Network taken on June 9, 2012, purports to show anti-Syrian regime mourners raising their hands as they carry the coffins of Syrian citizens killed by Syrian troops, in Daraa, Syria. According to the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, tens died in heavy pre-dawn shelling on Saturday in Daraa, where the uprising against Assad began in March 2011. (AP Photo) 
A Syrian woman holds an AK-47 during an anti-Bashar Assad protest after Friday prayers on the outskirts of Idlib, Syria, on June 8, 2012.(AP Photo) 
Syrian boys stand in a building damaged by tank shells in a neighborhood of Damascus, Syria, after a raid by Syrian troops killed several rebels and civilians on April 5, 2012. Syrian troops launched a fierce assault days ahead of a deadline for a U.N.-brokered cease-fire, with activists describing it as one of the most violent attacks around the capital since the uprising began. (AP Photo/Mohammad Hannon) 
This citizen journalism image provided by Shaam News Network SNN, purports to show anti-Syrian regime protesters holding a banner and shouting slogans during a demonstration at the northern town of Kfar Nebel, in Idlib province, Syria, on June 8, 2012.(AP Photo/Shaam News Network) 
Syrian anti-regime protestors gather around UN observers in the village of Azzara in Homs province, on May 4, 2012.(Joseph Eid/AFP/GettyImages) 
A Syrian anti-regime protestor holds a picture of a disappeared relative as people gather around UN observers in the village of Azzara in Homs province, on May 4, 2012. (Joseph Eid/AFP/GettyImages) 
Smoke rises from Al Khalidieh, near Homs, on June 8, 2012. (Reuters/Shaam News Network) 
A Syrian rebel sits inside a car converted into an armored combat vehicle in Khaldiyeh neighborhood in Homs province, on May 15, 2012.(AP Photo/Fadi Zaidan) 
Members of the Free Syrian Army's "Freedom for the River Assi Brigade" run as they take part on an attack on Syrian regime forces in the village of Nizareer, near the Lebanese border in Homs province, on May 12, 2012. (AFP/Getty Images) 
A damaged car from Syrian government forces shelling, overturned on a street in Homs, on April 20, 2012. (AP Photo) 
A Syrian rebel rides a bicycle through Khaldiyeh neighborhood in Homs province, on May 14, 2012. (AP Photo/Fadi Zaidan) 
Free Syrian Army fighters sit in a house on the outskirts of Aleppo, Syria, on June 12, 2012. Syrian forces pelted the eastern city of Deir el-Zour with mortars as anti-government protesters were dispersing before dawn, killing several people, activists said. The offensives were part of an escalation of violence in recent weeks that has brought more international pressure on President Bashar Assad's regime faces over its brutal tactics against the opposition. The U.N. accused the government of using children as human shields in a new report.(AP Photo) 
Member of the Free Syrian Army's "Freedom for the River Assi Brigade" return to Qusayr after an attack on Syrian regime forces in the village of Nizareer, on May 12, 2012. (AFP/Getty Images) 
A member of the Free Syrian Army celebrates in front of a burning tank after defeating government troops in Rasten, near Homs, on May 14, 2012. (Reuters/Handout) 
Buildings, which according to the opposition were damaged by Syrian government forces, in Homs May 4, 2012.(Reuters/Shaam News Network) 
A frame grab made from an amateur video provided by Syrian activists on May 28, 2012, purports to show the massacre in Houla on May 25 that killed more than 100 people, many of them children. The amateur footage showed people running along a street, purportedly just after the attack on Houla started. (AP Photo/Amateur Video via AP video) 
Bodies of people that anti-government protesters say were killed by government security forces lie on the ground at Ali Bin Al Hussein mosque in Huola, near Homs, on May 26, 2012. (Reuters/Houla News Network/Handout) 
Dead bodies of a man and child that anti-government protesters say were killed by government security forces, are placed on a vehicle belonging to the United Nations observers' mission in Syria in Huola, on May 26, 2012. (Reuters/Shaam News Network) 
A Sunni gunman, near a burning building during clashes that erupted in the northern port city of Tripoli, Lebanon, Saturday, June 2, 2012. Gunbattles between pro- and anti-Syrian groups in northern Lebanon killed at least one person and wounded nine Saturday, security officials said, as activists reported fresh shelling of a region in central Syria that witnessed a massacre last week that killed tens of people.(AP Photo/Bilal Hussein) 
A Syrian rebel walks in Khaldiyeh neighborhood in Homs province, central Syria, on May 15, 2012. (AP Photo/Fadi Zaidan) 
This citizen journalism image provided by Shaam News Network, taken on June 8, 2012 purports to show a Syrians chanting slogans during a demonstration in the eastern city of Deir el-Zour, Syria. (AP Photo/Shaam News Network) 
A Syrian boy sits in the rubble of house that was destroyed during a military operation by the Syrian pro-Assad army in April 2012 , in the town of Taftanaz, 15 km east of Idleb, Syria, on June 5, 2012. (AP Photo) 
An injured Syrian army soldier, who was wounded after a roadside bomb hit his military truck, is helped by a comrade, in Daraa city, Syria, on May 9, 2012. The explosion targeted the Syrian military truck just seconds after a team of U.N. observers passed by. An Associated Press reporter who was traveling in the U.N. convoy said three bloodied Syrian soldiers were rushed from the scene after Wednesday's blast, but the U.N. convoy was not hit. (AP Photo/Muzaffar Salman) 
People gather at the site of an explosion, as seen from a damaged house close to the site in Damascus May 10, 2012. Two large explosions killed 40 people in Damascus, state media said, destroying dozens of cars on a highway and damaging an intelligence complex involved in President Bashar al-Assad's crackdown on a 15-month-old uprising. (Reuters/Khaled al-Hariri) 
An injured man is carried after an explosion in Damascus, on May 10, 2012. Two explosions shook the Syrian capital Damascus, killing and wounding dozens of people, state media said. (Reuters/Khaled al-Hariri) 
A damaged building, after shelling of the Talbisah area in Homs city, on June 13, 2012. (Reuters/Shaam News Network) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad after Friday Prayers in the neighbourhood of Erbeen, near Damascus, on June 8, 2012. (Reuters) 
A Syrian man carries a wounded girl next to Red Crescent ambulances following an explosion that targeted a military bus near Qudssaya, a neighborhood of the Syrian capital, on June 8, 2012. At least seven people were killed in blasts near Damascus and in Idlib city in Syria's restive northwest, among them four security forces members, a watchdog group said. (AFP/Getty Images) 
Syrians walk in a destroyed alley, damaged from Syrian army forces shelling, at Bab Sbaa neighborhood in Homs province, on April 21, 2012. (AP Photo) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad at Kfr Suseh in Damascus, on June 12, 2012.(Reuters/Shaam News Network)
s A pair of sandals lies on bloodstained ground after shelling at the Talbisah area in Homs city, on June 13, 2012.(Reuters/Shaam News Network) 

Syria's Long Bloody Uprising

Nearly a year after it began, the violence in Syria carries on. Despite tightening international sanctions, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's troops continue to attack opposition strongholds across the country. As the shelling of the city of Homs continues, fresh offensives have just started in the province of Idlib, where government troops reportedly fired artillery, mortars, and anti-aircraft guns at several towns. Over the weekend, the United States and European and Arab countries held a "friends of Syria" conference in Tunisia to work out a plan to end the violence. Talk of arming the opposition is muted, due to deep divisions within the cluster of groups opposed to Assad's rule. And there are fears that supplying weapons to Assad's disjointed group of opponents might lead to further instability -- and that the unrest might spread to neighboring countries. Meanwhile, thousands have died, international intervention has had little effect, and no end appears in sight. 


A Syrian boy stands in front of a damaged armored vehicle belonging to the Syrian army in a street in Homs, on January 23, 2012.(Reuters/Ahmed Jadallah) 



Residents protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad after a burial ceremony for what activists say are victims of shelling by the Syrian army, in the Khalidiya neighborhood in Homs, on February 4, 2012. Syrian forces killed more than 200 people in an assault on the city of Homs, activists said, the bloodiest day of an 11-month uprising against Assad. (Reuters) 

Syrian government tanks, in the streets of Bab Amro, near the city of Homs, on February 12, 2012. Syrian forces recently resumed their bombardment of the city of Homs, with government troops concentrating their fire on Baba Amro neighborhood in the south of the city and al-Waer in the west. Opposition campaigners said tank fire was concentrated on two large Sunni Muslim neighborhoods that have been at the forefront of opposition to President Bashar al-Assad. (Reuters/Mulham Alnader) 

Damaged houses in the Bab Sabaa neighborhood of Homs, shown in this picture taken by Syrian National Council (SNC) member Moulhem Al-Jundi, on February 19, 2012. (Reuters/Moulhem Al-Jundi) 

(1 of 2) A man runs to help another man lying on the ground after a rocket attack on January 11, 2012, in the western city of Homs. The impact site of the rocket can be seen on the sidewalk at lower right. French journalist Gilles Jacquier was killed and a number of other reporters were wounded when a rocket exploded as they covered a story in Homs, a witness told AFP. The journalists were on a visit organized by the authorities. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 

(2 of 2) A seriously injured Syrian man lies on the ground following a rocket attack, on January 11, 2012, in the city of Homs.(Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 

Smoke billows from a building in the Sunni neighborhood of Al-Kobbeh in the northern Lebanese city of Tripoli, on February 11, 2012 during clashes between Lebanese Sunni Muslims hostile to Syria's regime and Alawites who support it. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 

Hassan Saad, 13, who fled Idlib in Syria, flashes a victory sign while walking outside the refugees camp near the Turkish-Syrian border in the southeastern city of Yayladagi, on February 16, 2012. Hassan said that his father was killed by the pro-Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad army five months ago. (Reuters/Zohra Bensemra) 

A member of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) talks on a walkie-talkie in Idlib in northwestern Syria, on February 22, 2012.(Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

Syrians carry the body of a man reportedly killed in violence in the northwestern Idlib region, on February 23, 2012. Three soldiers were killed and seven others wounded in a bomb at the southern entrance to Idlib city, according to the official SANA state news agency.(Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

A woman stands next to a graffiti that reads "Freedom" during a demonstration against Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad's regime in the outskirts of Idlib, northern Syria, on February 26, 2012. (AP Photo/Rodrigo Abd) 

This pair of images shows American journalist Marie Colvin, left, and French photographer Remi Ochlik. The two journalists were killed on Wednesday, February 22, 2012 by Syrian government shelling of the opposition stronghold of Homs, France's government said.(AP Photo) 

In this Wednesday, February 15, 2012 file citizen journalism image provided by the Local Coordination Committees in Syria, anti-Syrian regime activist Khaled Abu-Salah stands in front of flames and black smoke from a bombed oil pipeline, in Baba Amr neighborhood in Homs province, central Syria. Syrian troops intensively shelled rebel-held neighborhoods in the restive central city of Homs, on Friday and killed at least five people, activists said. (AP Photo/Local Coordination Committees in Syria) 

This Wednesday February 15, 2012 satellite image shows a pipeline fire in Homs, Syria. The pipeline, which runs through the rebel-held neighborhood of Baba Amr, in Homs, had been shelled by regime troops for the previous 12 days, according to two activist groups, the Local Coordination Committees and the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. The state news agency, SANA, blamed "armed terrorists" for the pipeline attack last week. It said the pipeline feeds the tankers in the Damascus suburb of Adra, which contribute in supplying gasoline to the capital and southern regions. (AP Photo/DigitalGlobe) 

Syrians demonstrate against the regime after Friday prayers in the north Syrian city of Idlib, on February 17, 2012. Thousands of Syrians rallied to demand Bashar al-Assad's ouster, as the embattled president's forces unleashed their heaviest pounding yet of Homs in a brutal bid to crush dissent, monitors said. (Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

Demonstrators hold a banner during a protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad, after Friday prayers in Kafranbel, near Idlib, Syria, on February 17, 2012. Demonstrations against Assad were reported by activists in several cities across Syria, including the capital Damascus and the commercial hub Aleppo, after Friday Muslim prayers despite the threat of violence from security forces. (Reuters) 

An unfinished building stands pock-marked by bullet holes and rocket attacks in Bab Amro, in the city of Homs, on February 12, 2012.(Reuters/Mulham Alnader) 

A Syrian man walks past damaged buildings in Homs, on January 23, 2012. (Reuters/Ahmed Jadallah) 

A house, reportedly struck by a shell fired by Syrian regime forces in Idlib in northwestern Syria, on February 22, 2012.(Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

A boy holds the remain of a mortar shell in this picture taken by Syrian National Council (SNC) member Moulhem Al-Jundi in Karm Al Zaytoon, a neighborhood of Homs, on February 23, 2012. (Reuters/Moulhem Al-Jundi) 

Police helmets and other equipment lie on the ground outside the police headquarters building, one of two sites of bomb blasts in Syria's northern city of Aleppo, on February 10, 2012. Twenty-five people were killed and 175 people were wounded in two blasts targeting security bases in Aleppo, state television quoted the Health Ministry as saying. (Reuters/ George Orfalian) 

Wounded men are seen in the Sunni Muslim district of Bab Amro in Homs in this photo received on February 8, 2012. Syrian forces thrust into the rebellious city of Homs on Wednesday, killing as many as 100 civilians by the account of opposition activists. (Reuters) 

A trail of blood leads through the doorway of a damaged house after government forces pummeled the opposition-held area of Bab Amro, in this picture received on February 16, 2012. An intense bombardment hit the mainly Sunni Muslim area of Baba Amro after Alawite-led troops, backed by Armour, advanced from neighboring Inshaat, opposition activists there said. (Reuters/Mulham Alnader) 

Two damaged armored military vehicles remain in the street after clashes between President Bashar al-Assad's forces and members of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) in Cairo square near Khaldiyeh area in Homs, on February 4, 2012. (Reuters/Stringer) 

A Free Syrian Army fighter stands guard in Idlib, northwestern Syria, near the Turkish border, on February 20, 2012.(Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

Muhammad, a 17-year-old Syrian man brought into Jordan for medical treatment, sits on a bed after undergoing multiple reconstructive surgeries at the Red Crescent Hospital in Amman, on February 9, 2012. Muhammad covered his face to conceal his identity. Doctors at the hospital said tens of young Syrians injured during the violence in their country are currently receiving treatment at the hospital run by Paris-based Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). (Reuters/Ali Jarekji) 

In this Monday, February 20, 2012 citizen journalism image provided by the Local Coordination Committees in Syria and accessed on February 21, 2012, a home damaged by Syrian government forces shelling in Baba Amr.(AP Photo/Local Coordination Committees in Syria) 

Residents attend a burial ceremony for what activists say are victims of shelling by the Syrian army, in the Khalidiya neighborhood in Homs, on February 4, 2012. (Reuters) 

A Syrian man shows his badly-injured hand, which he said was inflicted by Syrian security forces, at a temporary shelter after undergoing multiple reconstructive surgeries at a Red Crescent Hospital in Amman, on February 13, 2012. Syrians injured during the violence in their country are currently receiving treatment at a hospital run by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) in Amman. The men covered their faces to conceal their identity. (Reuters/Ali Jarekji) 

Members of the Free Syrian Army patrol a street in Al-Qsair, 25km southwest of the flashpoint city Homs, on January 27, 2012.(Alessio Romenzi/AFP/Getty Images) 

A slice of bred and a tomato sit next to rocket at a position manned by Free Syrian Army rebels in Idlib, on February 22, 2012.(Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

A Syrian soldier on an armored military vehicle, seen from a distance, in Deir Balaba, near Homs, on January 31, 2012.(Reuters/Handout) 

Syrian rebels take a position behind a wall as they fire their weapons during a battle with the Syrian government forces, at Rastan, in Homs province, Syria, on January 31, 2012. (AP Photo) 

Damaged houses are seen in this picture taken by Syrian National Council (SNC) member Moulhem Al-Jundi in Karm Al Zaytoon, a neighborhood of Homs, on February 23, 2012. (Reuters/Moulhem Al-Jundi) 

An badly injured man lies in a bed at a makeshift clinic in the Syrian city of Idlib, on February 24, 2012.(Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

Civilians flee from fighting after Syrian army tanks entered the northwestern city of Idlib, Syria, on February 14, 2012. (AP Photo) 

A Syrian boy walks past a building covered with graffiti that reportedly was painted over by the authorities in the town of Duma, 10 km northwest of Damascus, on February 25, 2012. (AFP/Getty Images) 

The feet of an unidentified corpse lie near a canal following an assault by Syrian security forces in Idlib, on February 18, 2012. The body had just been recovered, pulled from the canal below. (Bulent Kilic/AFP/Getty Images) 

A Syrian rebel aims his rifle inside a classroom at a school in Deir Baalbeh neighborhood in Homs province, Syria, on February 22, 2012. Over the weekend, Syrians approved a new draft constitution aimed at quelling the country's uprising by ending the ruling Baath Party's five-decade domination of power, but the opposition boycotted the vote, and foreign officials have callled the referendum a sham.(AP Photo) 





The wave of unrest that erupted in the Arab world last year reached Syria in March, with widespread protests against President Bashar al-Assad. Assad's troops began a series of harsh crackdowns, in some cases shelling and occupying residential areas. The UN estimates more than 5,000 Syrians have been killed in the past 10 months. Thousands continue to protest, despite the threat of government snipers in the streets and alleged incidents of torture and execution by Syrian forces. The Arab League, Europe, and the United States have all imposed stringent trade sanctions against Syria, and the Arab League has sent in a team of observers to monitor the situation -- but nearly 150 Syrians have reportedly been killed since the observers arrived two weeks ago. The Arab League mission will issue a full report on January 19, possibly referring the issue to the United Nations. However, Russia and China oppose UN action, and the U.S. and Europe do not appear to be planning any Libya-style intervention. Gathered here are images of the unrest in Syria over the past several weeks. Many of these photos have been made available despite harsh government restrictions on reporting. 

Former Syrian soldiers, now defectors, position their weapons as they take cover behind the wall of a damaged house in the Baba Amr area, in Homs province, Syria, on December 19, 2011. Arab League monitors kicked off their one month mission in Syria with a visit to Homs on December 27, 2011. (AP Photo
A protester faces riot police at Khalidia, near Homs, on November 4, 2011. (Reuters) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad after Friday prayers in Hula near Homs, on January 6, 2012. The banner on right reads, "To the free world; we are waiting for you as we die". The banner in center reads, "Your conscience is on trial" and the banner on left reads, "We will not retreat, you will give up". (Reuters) 
Demonstrators flash victory signs during a protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad in Saraqib, on January 5, 2012. (Reuters) 
A Syrian tank, driving through the city of Homs, on December 26, 2011, seen in a video grab. Heavy gunfire killed 23 people in Syria's besieged city of Homs on December 26, as newly arriving Arab League observers were urged to head immediately to one of the country's most serious hot spots. (AFP/Getty Images) 
A protester in the flahspoint central Syrian city of Homs throws a tear gas bomb back towards security forces, on December 27, 2011. Syrian police used tear gas to disperse some 70,000 people who took to the streets of Homs as Arab observers visited there a day after dozens of people died in the crackdown on dissent. (AFP/Getty Images) 
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The skyline of the city of Homs, Syria, seen on November 25, 2011. Syrian security forces pressed a months-long crackdown on dissent, killing several more people as protesters flooded streets in support of a rebel army, a watchdog said. (Anwar Amro/AFP/Getty Images) # 





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In this image from TV made available on December 15, 2011, a man lies in the street, apparently dead, in Homs, Syria, on December 14, 2011. The man is thought to have gone out to buy bread when he was shot by a Syrian government sniper, but it is impossible to check details of the incident. Amateur video emerged on Tg violence in the restive country.(AP Photo) # 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad after their Friday prayer in Khalidieh, near Homs, on January 6, 2012. The banner reads, "Victory comes only from God." (Reuters) 
Anti-government protesters carry the body of Fawaz Al Mahameed, who was killed in earlier clashes with government forces, in Baba Amro near Homs, on January 2, 2012. Picture taken January 2, 2012. (Reuters) 
Demonstrators gather to protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad in the in Bab Sabaa neighborhood of Homs, on December 30, 2011. (Reuters) 
Protesters cover their faces from tear gas being fired in Adlb, on December 30, 2011. Syrian security forces, undaunted by the presence of Arab League observers, killed at least a dozen protesters that day, as hundreds of thousands demonstrated against the government of President Bashar al-Assad, opposition activists said. (Reuters) 
Pro-government Syrian police point their guns towards protesters during demonstrations against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad in Adlb, on December 30, 2011. (Reuters) 
Anti-government protesters carry an injured man while covering their faces from tear gas being fired in Adlb, on December 30, 2011.(Reuters) 
Anti-government protesters attend the funeral of protesters killed in earlier clashes in Damascus suburb of Zabadani, on December 21, 2011. Nearly 50 people were killed in Syria on December 21, an activist group said, two days before Arab League officials were arrived to prepare for a monitoring mission assessing Syrian compliance with a plan to stem the bloodshed. (Reuters/Handout) 
Demonstrators protesting against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad march through the streets in Ma'arrat al-Numan, near Adlb, on December 30, 2011. The sign reads, "O Arabs, Syrian people slaughtered". (Reuters) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad in a street in Damascus, on December 19, 2011. (Reuters) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad in Damascus, on December 19, 2011. (Reuters) 
Black smoke erupts from Homs refinery, on December 8, 2011. A Syrian pipeline carrying oil from the east of the country to a refinery in Homs was blown up on Thursday, shown in this handout released by Syria's national news agency SANA. (Reuters/SANA) 
A Syrian police officer, right, watches the TV news as he sits inside his damaged office at a police station, in Midan neighborhood, in Damascus, Syria, on January 6, 2012. An explosion ripped through a busy intersection in the Syrian capital Friday, hitting a police bus and killing many in a suicide attack that left pools of blood in the streets and marked the second deadly attack in the capital in as many weeks, Syrian authorities said. (AP Photo/Bassem Tellawi) 
Syrian soldiers stand with a Syrian villager on their country's side of the border with Lebanon in the village of Arida, north Lebanon, on October 31, 2011. Syrian officials and witnesses say Damascus is planting landmines along parts of the border with Lebanon. The Syrian official familiar with government strategy said the mines are meant to prevent arms smuggling across the border.(AP Photo/Bilal Hussein) 
A wounded member of Syria's opposition is pictured at a welcome house in the northern Lebanese area of Akkar, on December 19, 2011.(Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 
Syrian refugees, who fled the violence in Homs, sit around a stove during an interview with Reuters in a temporary home at Aarsal town in Lebanon's eastern Bekaa, on December 8, 2011. Over 5,000 Syrians have died in a crackdown on the ten-month revolt against President Bashar al-Assad's rule. Thousands more wounded, who dare not seek help at home because their bullet and shrapnel wounds would betray them to the police as protesters or insurgents. Some manage to make the short but risky trek to Lebanon for medical care, sneaking past army troops, navigating mined borders and withstanding bitter winter cold. (Reuters/Jamal Saidi) 
Syrian citizens carry their belongings as they cross the Lebanon-Syria border illegally to return to Syria, from the village of Arida, north Lebanon, on October 31, 2011. (AP Photo/Bilal Hussein) 
A family and a cat pass by an army checkpoint in Hula, near Homs, Syria, on November 24, 2011. (Reuters) 
A Syrian man walks in a bloodied alley shelled by the Syrian army forces in the Baba Amr area, in Homs province, Syria, on December 26, 2011. (AP Photo) 





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A Syrian medic shows the body of Nafla al-Darwish, a 37-year-old woman, seven months pregnant, who was gunned down in the Bayada neighborhood, at a hospital in the flashpoint city of Homs, on November 25, 2011. Explanations for Nafla's death differ. A doctor in the hospital said she was killed by a single bullet fired from a passing car. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a human rights group, said she was killed during a house search. (Anwar Amro/AFP/Getty Images) 
Soldiers of the Free Syrian Army, formed by army deserters, take position in an undisclosed location in Syria, on December 7, 2011. Syrian President Bashar al-Assad denied ordering the killing of thousands of protesters and said "only a crazy person" would target his own people as global pressure mounted on his regime. (Ricardo Garcia Vilanova/AFP/Getty Images) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad near Qamishli, in northern Syria, on December 14, 2011. (Reuters) 
A container of diesel fuel and a gas cylinder are covered with a coat and a wedding dress respectively by anti-regime protesters to demonstrate the lack of gas and diesel in Homs, on December 14, 2011. (Reuters) 
This still image taken from video off a social media website uploaded as December 28, 2011, shows purported members of "Free Syrian Army" (military defectors) firing at a convoy of government security buses in the village of Dael, near Deraa.(Reuters/via Reuters Tv/Handout) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad after their Friday prayers in Kafranbel, near Adlb, on January 6, 2012.(Reuters) 
Syrian Greek Orthodox priests pray during a mass held at a church in Damascus, on January 9, 2012, in memory of a Christian boy named Sari (in portrait), killed recently in fighting in Homs, and for the son of Syria's Grand Mufti Ahmad Badreddin Hassoun, who was also killed in October. The Arab League pressed on with its mission to halt 10 months of bloodshed in Syria despite charges it was only serving to cover up the regime's deadly crackdown on protests. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 
Demonstrators protest against Syria's President Bashar al-Assad after Friday prayers in Amude, Syria, on January 6, 2012. (Reuters) 
An Arab League observer takes photos of anti-government protesters on the streets in Adlb, Syria, on December 30, 2011. (Reuters) 
Boys remove debris from houses that residents say were damaged during a military crackdown on protesters against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in Talbiseh, on January 8, 2012. The Arab League urged the Syrian government on Sunday to stop its violence against protesters and allow Arab monitors in the country to work more independently, but stopped short of asking for United Nations experts to bolster its peace mission. (Reuters/Handout) 
Syria's Grand Mufti Ahmad Badreddin Hassoun sheds a tear during a mass held at a Greek Orthodox church in Damascus on January 9, 2012, in memory of two victims of recent fighting in the country, his own son, Saria, who was killed in October in Homs, and a 10-year-old Christian boy, killed recently as he ventured out to buy cookies. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) 

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